As healthcare experts in the UK warn of a ‘tripledemic’ looming this autumn and winter, should India be careful as well?

As the UK braces itself for a potential ‘tripledemic’ this autumn and winter, health experts are raising alarms about the simultaneous spread of three respiratory viruses.

Dr Chun Tang, a GP at Pall Mall told The Independent, “Each of these viruses can cause severe illness, especially in vulnerable groups like the elderly, young children, and those with weakened immune systems.”

As cold weather approaches and respiratory infections become more common, India could face similar challenges.

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But what is ‘tripledemic’?

Dr Vibhu Kawatra, pulmonologist, paediatrician and allergy specialist, Delhi, tells indianexpress.com, “The term ‘tripledemic’ refers to the simultaneous circulation of three respiratory viruses: COVID-19, influenza (the flu), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV). This situation can strain healthcare resources, as all three viruses can lead to increased hospitalisations, particularly among vulnerable populations like the elderly and those with underlying health conditions.”

Could India be at risk of a similar tripledemic?

Dr Kawatra notes, “Yes, a tripledemic involving COVID-19, influenza, and RSV could potentially spread in India, just as it has in other countries.”

Several factors could contribute to this scenario:

Respiratory viruses often have seasonal peaks. In India, the monsoon and winter months can lead to increased cases of flu and RSV.
Low vaccination rates against covid and influenza vaccines, and non availability of RSV vaccine in India can contribute to higher transmission rates.
The relaxation of public health measures, such as mask-wearing and social distancing, can facilitate the spread of these viruses.
India has a high population density, especially in urban areas, which can aid in the rapid spread of respiratory viruses.
Limited access to healthcare can hinder early detection and treatment, allowing viruses to spread more easily.

Stay up to date with vaccinations and booster doses. (Source: Freepik)

How do the symptoms of COVID-19, flu, and RSV overlap?

The symptoms of COVID-19, RSV (respiratory syncytial virus), and influenza can indeed overlap, making clinical differentiation challenging. Dr Kawatra provides a breakdown of their symptoms and some key differences: